Horticulture pdf download

Pine apple, Jack, Pomegranate, Custard apple, Amala, Wood apple, Date Palm, Fig, Litchi, Avocado, Pear, Plums and Prunes, Peach and Nectarines. Subtropical Fruits - Mangosteen Kiwi Mango - Major Production Constraints 2. Banana - Major Production Constraints 3. Citrus - Major Production Constraints 4. Grapes - Major Production Constraints 3. Disease of Fruits and their management 1. Citrus, 2. Mango, 3. Grapes, 4. Pomegranate and Papaya, 5.

Guava, 6. Apple, 7. Mulberry 4. Plantation Crops and Their Diseases. Diseases of 1. Coffee, 2. Importance of Olericulture, 2. Vegetable's Classification, 3. Vegetable garden Kitchen garden or Nutrition garden 4. Tomato, 5. Brinjal, 6. Lady's Finger, 7. Cucurbits, 8. Ridge Gourd, 9. Ash Gourd, Bottle Gourd, Bitter Gourd , Cabbage, Cauliflower, Onion, Garlic, Peas, French Beans, Cow Pea, Potato, Sweet Potato, Colacasia, Carrot, Radish, Turnip, Amaranthus, Drumstick, Coccinea and Curry Leaf.

Need an account? Click here to sign up. Download Free PDF. A short summary of this paper. But the apple constitutes one of the most important and widely grown Management, fruits of Himachal Pradesh. P, India the development of the majority of the population in the state. Due to its comparative advantage, horticulture has proved to be the most remunerative and Corresponding Author important to the number of Himachal farmers as it improves their economic Dr.

KiranChanda condition. But the production and marketing of horticulture areexperiencing kiranchanda gmail. This is due to the challenges transpire from more changeable climate, loss of productive soil through encroachments for urbanisation, low productivity, costly labour and disease in apple trees. And also new changing climate tolerant plants, disease free plants should be introduced. Himachal can hold up the competition only by escalating productivity, reducing the cost of production and also farmers need to be educated regarding new technologies used in production and marketing.

Concerted efforts are needed to improve the present status of horticulture industry in the state. The present study focuses on the challenges regarding increase in production, TIME LAG marketing, productivity and utilization of apple as economic livelihood in Himachal Pradesh. It is the population. Himachal Pradesh is biggest producer of quality fruits like bestowed endowed with plenty of Apple, Plum, Peach, and Pear etc.

Approximately 90 percent calamities pose serious threats to apple production. Sen, of the total apple produce is exported to the distant V. C and Aditya in markets of the country.

However, it also considered commercially important apple varieties. Saxena, A. Randev, A. The temperature variation is an important factor Objectives of the study: in disturbing the hydrological cycle and intensity of 1.

Challenges in apple production and marketing. Vision a future prospects of the horticulture which further results in adverse effect on production. Reshi, M. The hills of Himachal provide natural zones for outbreak of premature leaf fall, the pre and post harvest production of apples. Horticulture provides new practices followed by farmers are primitives.

No support opportunities and has a vast scope in the state. Fruit from government in the home market. There is a cold production is seasonal and the produce is perishable in storage problem in the producing areas, there is no nature. As the apple is the major cash crop of the state prescribed standard for grading and packing and ordinary growing in Shimla, Kullu and Kinnaur, etc.

It has occupied the product. Basannagri, B. Farmers of education. Horticulture Agri-input and horticulture schemes due to lack of produce in Himachal have good marketing demand in the communication facilities at high hills. Top Working Problem of Unfruitfulness Organic farming Plant growth regulators Maturity indices for fruits Marketing of fruits can this be dropped?

Download PDF. Economic importance and classification of horticultural crops and their culture and nutritive value, area and production, exports and imports, fruit and vegetable zones of India and of different states, nursery management practices, soil and climate, vegetable gardens, nutrition and kitchen garden and other types of gardens — principles, planning and layout, management of orchards, planting systems and planting densities.

Production and practices for fruit, vegetable and floriculture crops, nursery techniques and their management. Principles and methods of pruning and training of fruit crops, types and use of growth regulators in horticulture, water management, weed management, fertility management in horticultural crops, cropping systems, intercropping, multi-tier cropping, mulching, bearing habits, factors influencing the fruitfulness and unfruitfulness.

Rejuvenation of old orchards, top working, frames working, principles of organic farming. Practical - Features of orchard, planning and layout of orchard, tools and implements, layout of nutrition garden, preparation of nursery beds for sowing of vegetable seeds, digging of pits for fruit plants, planting systems, training and pruning of orchard trees, preparation of fertilizer mixtures and field application, preparation and application of growth regulators, layout of different irrigation systems, identification and management of nutritional disorder in fruits and vegetables, assessment of bearing habits, maturity standards, harvesting, grading, packaging and storage.